The process below is used in the front differential and the rear differentials. Failing of a pinion shaft oil seal results in the lubricant used in the differential gear leaking into the
Driveshaft yoke or flange past the seal and the seal can be changed without the need to remove or disassemble the differential. The first step is to lift the car and place it on jackstands. Drain the differential lubricant and, when the drain is fully done, install the drain plug and tighten it. Unattach the driveshaft to the pinion shaft yoke and hold it out of the way with a piece of wire. With an inch pound torque wrench, have the amount of torque to move the pinion shaft in the backlash and document this value to be used in the set up to preload the pinion shaft. Clamp the companion flange in place with a large screwdriver or prybar, and then loosen the companion flange nut which indicates the alignment of the pinion shaft with the companion flange. Take the companion flange out of the pinion shaft using a two-jaw puller. The seal is carefully removed out of the differential, perhaps by means of a hammer and a punch, but the splines and threads of the pinion shaft must not be interfered with. Keep the new seal lip greasy with multipurpose grease or differential lubricant and then install it in place carefully, either by using a hammer and a seal driver, a large socket, or a short piece of pipe of the correct diameter to force the seal into place. Clean the sealing lip contact surface of the companion flange, rub a thin film of multipurpose grease to the seal contact surface and the shaft splines, and slide the companion flange onto the shaft, so that the match marks are aligned. Apply multipurpose grease to the threads of the pinion shaft, fit a new nut and loosely screw the nut to the first torque without rotating the flange. Rotate the companion flange a number of times to fit the bearing. With an inch-pound torque wrench, time the torque needed to rotate the pinion shaft in its backlash; the desired preload is the one that was measured above multiplied by five inch-pounds. In case the preload is not as desired, continue to tighten the nut in small steps until the desired preload is achieved. In case of reaching the maximum torque on the pinion shaft nut before it reaches the desired preload, the bearing spacer should be substituted at a repair shop. The pinion nut should not be backed-off to decrease the preload. When the preload has been adjusted correctly, attach the driveshaft to the companion flange. Add filler with the suggested lubricant, rock the vehicle to the floor, and drive it, and observe around the companion flange, whether there is leakage or not.