In order to diagnose the beginning system issues in Navajo models, use the charts given and observe all the safety measures because the amount of current that flows through the starter is high. On pickup models and MPVs ensure the battery is fully charged and then start the test by turning the ignition to START and ensure starter motor is functioning. In case of non-motor functioning, check the voltage between terminal S and ground, a reading of 8V and above is associated with faulty starter, and below 8V is wiring problem. In the magnetic switch pull-out test, battery voltage was applied to terminal S and pinion gap was checked using a 3.0L engine. In the return test, remove the motor wire of terminal M, provide battery power, and make sure that the overrunning clutch goes back to the initial position. Complete a no-load test by connecting the battery, starter, ammeter, voltmeter, and run the starter and voltage and current against recommended values 2.6L and 3.0L engines. To remove and install, disconnection of the negative battery cable is required and the vehicle should be raised and the starter should be removed by disconnecting electrical connectors and mounting bolts, and cleaning the mounting surfaces before substitution and attaching the bolts to a certain torque. In the case of 4WD MPV models, one has to remove drive belts, the power steering pump pulley, and the alternator among other parts after which the starter can then be accessed. To replace the solenoid, you will need to take off the starter, the field strap and the solenoid plunger of the shift fork before changing to the new solenoid making sure that the new solenoid is properly engaged and clearanced as needed before reattaching the starter and checking its operation.